College News, 1934-11-21, Vol. 21, No. 06

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The College News
VOL. XXI, No. 6
BRYN MAWR AND WAYNB* PA., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1954
Copyright  BRYN  MAWR
COLLEGE  NEWS,   1934
PRICE 10 CENTS
I
Japanese Factors
in Far East Tension
t Stated by M^c n**�
Erection of  Manchoukuo  State
in Invaded Manchuria Is
Cause of Friction
NAVAL PARITY DEMAND
OPPOSED BY AMERICA
"The state of tension which exists
in the Pacific area today is in some
respects comparable to the critical
situation which existed there before
the Washington Conference of 1921-
22," said Mrs. Vera M. Dean in intro-
ducing her lecture on Thunder in the
Far East, the last of the lectures to
be given under the Anna Howard
Shaw Foundation. At that time, as
today, Japan was firmly entrenched on
the Asiatic mainland. She had es-
tablished a virtual protectorate over
Manchuria, wrung concessions from
China under pressure of the Twenty-
One Demands, and taken over German
rights and properties in Shantung.
The military party, which at that
time, as today, was dominant in Tokyo,
was seeking to establish an Asiatic
Monroe Doctrine, which conflicted
with the Open Door policy proclaimed
by the United States at the beginning
of this century.
Following several treaties about
naval armament and the maintenance
of the status quo in the Far East, the
Washington naval treaty was signed
in 1922. It fixed the naval armament
ratios at 5 for Great Britain and the
United States, 3 for Japan, and 1.67
for France and Italy. At the London
naval conference of 1930, it was de-
cided that this agreement would ex-
pire on December 31, 1936.
The ratios agreed on at Washing-
ton conferred on Great Britain, the
United States and Japan naval su-
premacy for each in its own sphere of
influence. Japan's naval supremacy
was further confirmed by the United
States' abandonment of the vast naval
program it had projected after the
World War, and by an agreement
among the three powers to maintain
the status quo with regard to naval
bases in the Pacific. The powers fur-
ther agreed to use their influence for
the purpose of effectively establish-
ing and maintaining the Open Door
principle throughout Chinese terri-
tory.
The settlement reached at Washing-
ton remained unchallenged until Sep-
ember, 1931, when the Japanese army
fjjivaded Manchuria and set    up    the
lppet state of Manchoukuo under the
Continued  on  Page  Four
Albert Jay Nock
Mr. Albert Jay Nock will
speak in Goodhart Monday
evening, November. 26. on "r>��-
fuiitical Tendencies." He will
present the facts to our pres-
sent situation that are funda-
mental to the issues of the day.
He suggests an approach to
the subject that is purely in-
tellectual, not political.
Mr. Nock holds the degrees
of Master of Arts and Doctor
of Literature, and has been a
professor of Literature at Co-
lumbia University. He is not-
ed as an authority on Jeffer-
son, and his Jefferson is his
most famous work. He is the
author of several works and
essays on Rabelais* Mr. Ngck
also delivered the Page-Bar-
bour Lectures for 1930 at the
University of  Virginia.
Two friends of Bryn Mawr
College are donating the fee
that enables Mr. Nock to speak
here.
Hobbes' Philosophy
Based on Materialism
Dr. Veltmann Says Corporeality
of Reality, Materiality of
Bodies Postulated
EVERYTHING IS MOVING
"All reality is corporeal; nothing
but material bodies and their attrib-
utes exist; and all is in motion."
These were the fundamental doctrines
of Hobbes' philosophy, which Dr.
Veltmann explained in the Common
Room on Thursday, November 15, as
the link between' ancient and modern
materialism.
Hobbes postulated a continuity of
matter, while the Atomists Conceived
infinite numbers of atoms in an infi-
nite void as the principles of the uni-
verse. Yet in spite of this radical
difference, the tw.o philosophies have
many essential likenesses. Just as
only corporeal, material substance
possessed reality for Hobbes, so only
corporeal atoms moving in the void
possessed reality for Democritus.
As Hobbes described original na-
ture, it is a continuum of matter with-
out form, an aether fluid filling all
space. Physical matter, is made up of
corpuscles or minute particles, unlike
atoms in that they are infinitely di-
visible both geometrically and physi-
cally. A certain resistance prevents
them from dividing"continually, but
the possibility of such division exists.
These corpuscles are form modifica-
Continued on Page Five
Marriner Describes
Romanticist Music
Field, Schubert, Schumann Are
Exponents of Inspiration,
Personal Spirit
NOCTURNES     INVENTED
Politics Department Needs Books, Funds
To Continue Posting Students on Trends
______i
1
\L
Even those of us who have never
iken courses in the Department of
politics have many reasons to appro-
bate the work it does. It gives us,
frectly, every Tuesday evening, Dr.
jnwick's interesting and thoroughly
[lightening talks c*i current events.
\r the last two years, the whole col-
not merely the specialized stu-
ts of Politics, has been able to en-
the lectures and conferences of the
na Howard Shaw lectureship,
ich was given primarily to the De-
rtment of Economcis and Politics.
hen we realized how much more
cresting the Shaw lectures had
de the college year, and how much
ore we knew about JEurqpe and the
ar East than we tfaa ever hoped to
ow, we began to investigate what
iore the Department of Politics needs
improve its work. Politics is the
nd of subject in which the profes-
r must keep up with every modern
velopment, and keep in touch with
work done in political organiza-
ncttri""Oilier ceilesT"-
It of all, to keep up with new
pments, the department" needs
ks, and more room in which to
them. Dr. Fenwick cannot teach
stitutional law adequately if he
lias to depend entirely on the deci�iom
the Supreme Court; for many im-
portant decisions are made in the dis-
trict and circuit courts. Bryn Mawr
has no record of these district and
circuit court decisions, and both pro-
fessors and students have to go into
town to read them.
To reach International Law proper-
ly, the department needs a full set of
the publications of the League of Na-
tions and the Permanent Court at The
Hague, as well as of the International
Labor office. The Bryn Mawr Politics
Department wants to keep up to date;
it wants to handle contemporary mate-
rial, not to trespass on the History
Department. In order to be modern,
it must receive the reports of the, or-
ganizations that are gathering modern
material.
If the professors in the Politics De-
partment are to do research, which is
essential for the stimulation of the'
students, it is impossible for them to
read through every report of every
international, national, and legal or-
gar'-eticr., tc fliiu their facts. There
should be at least one research assist-
ant to help collect material, sort it,
and mark it for the professor to read.
The Department also needs fellowships
to send its pupils to the centers of
political activity: to the Secretariat
of the League at Geneva, and to The
Hague.
"Today we leave the Classical era
and enter the colorful field of the Ro-
manticists, which extends from to-
day's composers, Field, Schubert, and
Schumann, through Mendelssohn,
Weber, Chopin, and Liszt," said Mr.
Guy Marriner in his fourth lecture-
recital in the series given at the
Deanery every Tuesday afternoon, af-
ter playing Schumann's WAedmung
as an introduction. Freer inspira-
tion, less restriction in form, and a
personal spirit, emotional, imaginat-
ive, and inventive, distinguish this per-
iod from the preceding Classicism.
Programme music was developed,
wherein suggestive titles were given
to each piece, in contrast to absolute,
or pure, music.
The causes of this signal change in
music were in part the social changes,
the French Revolution, the Polish
fight for liberty, the new democracy,
the new literature, and a new love of
nature. A spontaneous campaign
against Classicism broke the bonds of
convention and produced a fresh and
self-conscious art. In the first half
of the nineteenth century there were
many innovations, many of them un-
der the influence of Bach, including
the replacement of the sonata by the
etude, new varieties of key relation-
ships, contrasts in harmony, lyric
tunes, and new rhythms, all of which
gave a poetic beauty and idealism to
the expression of emotion and the va-
rious aspects of nature.
The first composer of this great
movement was John Field (1782-
1837), an Irishman whose life and
works are little known today. After a
wretched childhood, he studied in Lon-
don under Clements and toured Eu-
rope playing Bach. He settled in
Russia, where he fell into neglect,
and after wandering over Europe* was
found dying in a Naples hospital by
Russian friends, who took him to
Moscow, where he died. He invented
the nocturne, or night song, whose in-
timate and delicate nature influenced
Chopin, who broadened the form. Mr.
Marriner played one of Field's ex-
quisite nocturnes, the A Major, Num-
ber 5, to illustrate the Romantic inno-
vations.
Franz Schubert, the fourteenth
child of a schoolmaster, was born in
Vienna in 1797, when Beethoven was
27 years old. He learned music from
his father and a choirmaster and lived
throughout his 31 years in abject pov-
erty, often without the money to buy
even the paper on which to write his
compositions. For his 1,100 composi-
tions he received practically no money,
so that he had to beg support from
his friends, and after his death his
manuscripts were valued at $1.50. At
17 he became a school teacher, but
even this gruelling profession could
not kill his inspiration. He loathed
duty and teaching, yet he remained, in
Ispite of all his hardships, a visionary
'full of daring and romance. He was
the most spontaneous genius the world
has ever known, for, although with-
out training, he turned everything to
pure music. He constantly improvised
with no delays, sketches, or revisions,
and in two days, one summer, he
wrote fifteen songs. He was obsessed
with a desire to compose, and al-
though he wrote many lovely sym-
phonies, his medium remained song.
One day, after a walk, he met a friend
in a tavern with a copy of Shakes-
peare, and hanpening to read "Hark,
hark, the lark!" he composed the im-
mortal song on the back of a menu.
At 18 he wrote the Erlkonig from
Goethe's poem, which is a great song
not only because of its dramatic qual-
ity, the youth of its composer, and its
modulations and harmony, but chiefly
because of the contrast of the human
fear of death with the real death at
the end. After explaining the story
of this epic song, Mr. Marriner play-
ed a transcription of it.
Continue* on Page �*.
_-
College Calendar
Thursday, November 22. Dr.
Ve�ma�� i*1- n Mc S'.""
mon Room.
Sunday, November 25. Ber-
nard De Voto on Day to Day
Problems of the Novelist.
Deanery.    5.00 P. M.
Monday, November 26. Mr.
Albert Nock on American eco-
nomic and political problems.
8.30 P. M.    Goodhart.
Tuesday, November 27. Guy
Marriner: Chopin the Magi-
cian, Abbe Liszt, Mendelssohn
the Scholar. Lecture on the
Etude, Improvisation, Pro-
gramme Music and Folk Mu-
sic.    5.00 P. M.    Deanery.
Faculty Hockey Game. 4.00
P. M.
Wednesday, November 28.
Thanksgiving vacation begins.
12.45 A. M.
Monday, December 3. Thanks-
giving vacation ends. 9.00
A. M.
Conference Debates   J
Chinese Communism
Possibility of Economic Boycott
Against Japan Is Unlikely
For Trade Reasons
NAVAL RATIO DISCUSSED
At the final conference with Dr.
Vera M. Dean held on Tuesday af-
ternoon in the Deanery, a group of
students followed out the ideas which
she had advanced in her speech on
Thunder in the Far East. The first
point discussed was the development
of Communism in China. Is it a result
of foreign agitation, or is it a product
of natural conditions in China? At
first in 1919 it was much influenced
by Russia, particularly because of
the friendly feeling between the two
countries induced by the Soviet re-
nunciation of the unilateral treaties
giving special privileges to Russians
in China.
There had been little party activity
in China prior to the 1911 revolution,
but by 1921 there were two parties
in China, the Koumintang (National-
ist) Party and the Communists. The
latter group carried on underground
propaganda until 1924 when they be-
came allied to the Koumintang as a
kind of radical left wing. For the
next three years there was a very
close and friendly association with
Russia, and Communism spread rap-
idly throughout Southern and Central
China under the direction of Michael
Continued on  Page  Six
Gertrude Stein Says
,.   Poetry Is Loving
Name of Anything
Nouns  Are  Never  Interesting,
But Verbs Are, Since They
Can Be Mistaken
QUESTIONS MARKS ARE
REVOLTING, UNPLEASING
"Prose is the emotional balance of
paragraphs and the unemotional bal-
ance of sentences; prose is a combi-
nation of these two balances that is
neither," while "Poetry has to do with
vocabulary, just as prose has not; po-
etry is really loving the name of any-
thing." The distinctions between the
balances, vocabulary, and grammar
of poetry and prose formed the basis
of Gertrude Stein's lecture last Wed-
nesday on Poetry and Grammar, her
favorite lecture, and a lecture not de-
livered heretofore in the United
States.
Words have to do everything in
poetry and in prose, but they use dif-
ferent methods, the one, nouns; the
other, pronouns. A noun is the name
of a thing. Names do nothing to
anything. Therefore why should the
writer use nouns? If he feels some-
thing inside of a thing he should not
call it by its name. If a noun is
used, an intensity of feeling for the
name, such intensity as is felt in love,
is necessary to justify its use. "Nouns
are completely not interesting. Ihe
same thing is true of adjectives. Ad-
jectives affect nouns and therefore are
not interesting. The first thing that
anyone"takes out of everything are
adjectives," declared Miss Stein.
She continued in her analysis of
grammar by commenting: "Verbs and
adverbs are more interesting. It is
wonderful how many mistakes they
can make. Besides being able to be
mistaken and make mistakes, they are
on the move. That is the reason why
anyone can be interested." Preposi-
tions only can make more mistakes
than verbs and adverbs and therefore
Miss Stein declared she liked them
best of all.
Articles are interesting as nouns
and adjectives are not because they
do what a noun might do if it were
not unfortunately the name of some-
thing. An article is alive just as a
pronoun is a "delicate and varied
something." Conjunctions similarly
are not dull because they work and as
they  work,  they  live.
Miss  Stein does  not  like to write
with nouns and adjectives.   Pronouns
are not so bad as nouns because they
cannot have adjectives to    go    with
Continued on Page Three
Photographs Show Campus Vale of Beauty
Full of Flowering Trees, Lovely Buildings
The campus, always a thing of
beauty, has now become a joy for-
ever in "the Volume of Bryn Mawr
photographs done by Ida W. Pritch-
ett. It is scarcely believable that
such a collection of pictures, each
one of which is excellent, could be
made of our well-known campus
scenes. There are the college build-
ings all large as life and twice as nat-
ural, but lovely beyond our remotest
recollection of them; they are all so
artistically and flatteringly photo-
graphed as to convince the unsus-
picious outsider that our college life
is nothing but a bed of roses.
Goodhart � a homelike Common
Room, an impressive auditorium, and
the,Music Walk by night�would ar-
gue compulsory attendance at all col-
lege functions. The series of the Li-
brary" include "the front, the reading
room, the cloister walk, the cloister
garden, and Lantern Night; they are
all conducive to a renewed interest in
study, with rounds of meditative pac-
ing in the cloister between whiles.
The halls of residence all look as if
they had been transported from
Spenser. Merion, for example, looks
like a veritable bower of bliss. Be-
sides these views, there are also to
be found the scenes of special col-
lege festivity:    Garden Party, Com-
mencement,  and the  May  Day  Pro-
cession, in all of their glory.
The out-of-door scenes are superb.
The campus is so beautiful iii odd
corners and in varying lights that it
would seem well-nigh impossible to
get a representative and a good col-
lection of views in -photographs. The
impossible has been done: the vista
through Pern Aroh shows the ex-
quisite play of sunlight and shadow
through the leaves, the snow scene
down the main cross-campus path
records the quiet and blanketed ap-
pearance of Bryn Mawr in the win-
ter, a picture of the Japanese Cherry
Trees and one of a view across the
hockey fields shows the campus in
full spring flower, and to top off this
array, the scene in the Deanery gar-
den   gives   the   peculiarlyexjjjj*^^
feet that"*lnc gara'lj' achieves by its
arrangement  and decoration.
The collection is really complete:
no more pictures could be demanded
of Miss Pritchett. More might be]
wished for, because the present ones
are so beautifully and artistically
done. The- artist came to her t�
well-equipped both by training an^
by reputation to make this definite
series of campus photographs.
After    fourteen    years    of    doing'
Continued on  Page Thre�